HOW LAND CODES TURN RESERVES INTO MUNICIPALITIES

by Johnny Hawk

Many of our grassroots peoples are echoing talking points of prominent Indigenous activists and academics regarding the Framework Agreement on First Nations Lands Management. Such voices of influence have amped up concerns that reserves are being turned into “municipal-type” bodies which is causing such grassroots to misinterpret that as bands under becoming fee simple lands and under provincial jurisdiction through the FNLMA regime. 

Many of our People and the so-called Canadian citizen have been deceptively educated on the legal history of Provinces and land. I break down the complexities of land management statutes using Canada’s own laws which is not my opinion nor a misunderstanding but share clear and simple facts in the statutes provided. I encourage everyone not to take my word but research for yourself these statutes. 

BANDS ARE ALREADY MUNICIPALITIES

Does the First Nations Lands Management Act turn a “band” into a municipality? The answer is no, however this matter is more complex then to just say no. All provinces and territories have their own enactment for a municipality which defines what a “municipality” is and the legal definition in those acts are “a geographical area where the inhabitants are incorporated and have an elected council; both are a body corporate.” 

The definition of a “band” and or “reserve” under the Indian Act is also a geographical area whose inhabitants are incorporated and have an elected council whereby both are a body corporate. An “Indian Band” although is lands specifically for Indians and is under federal jurisdiction is still synonymous to the legal definition of a municipality.

A municipality and an Indian Band both act as local authorities for their residents to provide local services; manage land use and community planning; have governing councils; interact with higher levels of government and are juridical persons, corporations. Bands under the Indian Act are already municipalities aka an area of incorporated bodies of persons that have an elected council where both are the body corporate.  

THE PROVINCIAL LAWS THAT ALREADY APPLY TO RESERVES

Provincial traffic laws; Environmental Protection; Health and Safety Rules; Labour Standards (with exceptions) and Provincial Court Systems.

INDIGENOUS LANDS UNDER PROVINCIAL JURISDICTION

The Peace and Friendship and Upper Canada Treaties made with the Crown and our Nations opened up our Territories for our allies the British to establish their colonies of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Upper and Lower Canada and later the Numbered Treaties that allowed for the later provinces. 

Many of these Treaties were improper cessions of land involving fraud on part of the Crown and inadequate compensation and Treaty violations up to present day. The majority of these Traditional Lands are under Provincial Jurisdiction.    

According to a 2024-2025 Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada report there is a total of more than 1,100 unresolved claims or land-title issues (specific + comprehensive + litigation + special).

Indigenous Nations have to spend hundred of millions and years in court and prove section 35 tests if they want to file concerns about their Traditional Territories that the Province occupies. The Provinces have jurisdiction over our Traditional Territories and issue permits to multinational corporations to exploit the resources and leave our lands contaminated and depleted despite our inherent rights. We are not nearly as compensated for our Territories where multinational corporations and the province benefit more in flawed agreements. 

PROVINCIAL LANDS ARE REALLY FEDERAL LANDS

The British North America Act, 1867/ The Constitution Act 1867

The Myth: Section 109 says the land and natural resources inside a province belong to that provinces not Ottawa unless those lands were already federally owned at Confederation.

Factual Emphasis: The four British colonies; Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Upper Canada and Lower Canada did not become free, sovereign provinces nor did any lands become their through the 1867 BNA Act. The provinces were only colonies before and after the creation of the Dominion of Canada. The 1867 BNA Act was only a consolidation of these colonies the become one unit called a Dominion. A Dominion was still the possession of lands belonging to the UK Crown in Chancery. The 1867 BNA created no Federal Government and Confederation of independent provinces. The Dominion of Canada was still a colony of the UK.

The British North America Act, 1930 - Enactment No. 16

The Myth: The British North America Act, 1930 was a constitutional amendment that gave the Prairie provinces and BC the same control over their natural resources as the original provinces of Confederation (like Ontario) had enjoyed since 1867. 

Transfer of Public Lands Generally.

1. In order that the Province may be in the same position as the original Provinces of Confederation are in virtue of section one hundred and nine of the British North America Act, 1867, the interest of the Crown in all Crown lands, mines, minerals (precious and base) and royalties derived therefrom within the Province, and all sums due or payable for such lands, mines, minerals or royalties, shall, from and after the coming into force of this agreement,

Factual Emphasis: Queen Victoria, Her Heirs and Successors in Sec 2 of the BNA Act were the enacting clause, the executive power. The UK 1893 Statue Revision Act removed Sec 2 of BNA Act; When Queen Victoria died in 1901 so did the BNA Act which no longer could be amended or reenacted. The UK held Imperial Conferences over 30 years with its Dominions regarding how to deal with this and created the 1931 Statue of Westminister. This Statue allowed the Dominions to become their own free Independent States no longer attached to the UK. The Politicians of the Dominion of Canada saw this and didn’t want the hand over the power and the lands to the provinces and deceptively and unlawfully amended The British North America Act, to create these Natural Resources Transfer Act. This put all lands of the provinces in the hands of the so called assumed Federal Government. 

Provincial Lands just like Reserve Lands under the deception that is Canada are Federal Lands.

WHAT FIRST NATION LAND CODES ACTUALLY DO

The First Nations Land Management (FNLM) Act enables First Nations to opt out of 44 sections of the Indian Act related to land and environmental management. The Framework Agreement on First Nations Land Management lets First Nations run their own land affairs without federal interference. It replaces pieces of the Indian Act and gives communities the power to make their own land laws, manage their resources, and speed up development, all through a community-approved Land Code.

Yellowhead Institute is an Indigenous-led research and education centre based in the Faculty of Arts at Toronto Metropolitan University. The Institute published a special report in 2019 titled, The Rise of the First Nations Land Management Regime in Canada: A Critical Analysis

https://yellowheadinstitute.org/report/fnlma-analysis/ 

The report shares this on the FNLMA Regime:

• Positive: FNLMA gives real, tangible land-management power to First Nations; it has economic promise; and it builds local governance.

• Critical: But it is not a full decolonization or self-government solution. It risks commodifying land, shifts burdens to First Nations, and doesn’t address broader issues of Indigenous land title beyond reserves.

Yellowhead ultimately sees the regime as a double-edged sword: a pragmatic tool for greater self-determination, but one embedded in settler-colonial structures and market logic.

Russell Diabo a Mohawk from Kanawake is a First Nations policy analyst, and has history of resistance and decades of advocacy for Indigenous Sovereignty. He published First Nations Bulletin and has been sharing his critical analysis on the FNLMA Regime.

According to Diabo, land codes: give delegated powers (not sovereign powers); limit governance to reserve boundaries; create land-use and permitting regimes similar to municipalities; shift First Nations toward administrative service delivery; maintain the Crown’s underlying title and control fit into a policy agenda that treats First Nations as “local governments.” He argues that land codes transform First Nations into municipal-type bodies rather than sovereign nations.

AN EXTINGUISHMENT OF INHERENT RIGHTS AND TITLE

The UK 1893 Statute Law Revision Act removed Sec 2, the Monarch and all Heirs and Successors from the BNA Act, 1901 after Queen died, so did the BNA and Indian Act which could never be reenacted of amended. The UK 1931 Statute of Westminster allowed the UK’s Dominions to become Sovereign Nations free of the UK. Queen Elizabeth and UK enacted the 1982 Canada Act but all Provinces needed sign Schedule B and make 3 Proclamations this did not happen also this act amended the BNA Act into the Constitution Acts 1867/1982 which the UK had not authority, legal right to do as per 1893 Statute Revision Act and 1932 Statute of Westminster.

The Charter of Rights and Freedoms is an illegal, unlawful enactment created by a foreign monach and government for a free independent People. Section 35 defines an “Indian” under the Indian Act as a legal person, a corporation. The Indian Act is a dead act. It is only the Indigenous Peoples who are choosing to illegally and unlawfully be subjugated by it by the Corporation called Canada.

Indigenous Rights under Sec 35. Inuit, Metis, Indians and Non-Status Indians are legal persons, a corporation under Sec 35. A legal person, corporation is not a human being but artificial person and can not have inherent fundamental rights and freedoms. The precedent Case Law that defines Indigenous Rights in common-law within the corporation of Canada is St.Catharines Milling and Lumber Company v R 1888 brought the Doctrine of Discovery into the corporation, Canada; This held that Indigenous title is subject to Canada and Canada has jurisdiction over Indians and all lands.  

So asserting Sec 35 Rights and Canada’s Framework Agreement on First Nations Lands Management is an extinguishment of inherent rights and title to our Territories to become “civilized”, the legal person in civil jurisdiction. It is also an act of Fraud legitimizing the fraudulent legal existence of Canada and its Provinces. 

MY FIGHT WITH THE FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT AND LAND CODE 

Above: One of a collective of heavy equipment that were using my property as a parking lot and space to do Hydro work. I have no issue with needed work to be done only the mechanism it is being done by. A Sacred Fire was ran over by these vehicles. Grandmothers rose and lilac bushed destroyed, removed, ruts created, dirt and lawn uprooted. No Consultation or Consent. Band and Hydro used a defective invalid easement.

Canada’s Beausoleil First Nation’s Indian Act Band Council administers services and programs in my community of Gchmnissing Anishinabek. The Band Council signed on to the Framework Agreement in 2012 and ratified a Land Code in 2019. 

To summarize this matter, I filed a Federal Human Rights Complaint on Canada, Beausoleil First Nation and Hydro One. There is no Easements in the Land Code that was adopted. The Band and Hydro One have been using a defective, invalid Easement permitted by Indian Affairs in 1955. Hydro one damaged my families vacant property and parked vehicles for a week on and off work hours without informing and getting consent. The Band Land’s Department replied to my initial complaint by informing me that any interest or licence in Beausoleil First Nation land that existed when the Land Code took effect will continue in force in accordance to the terms and conditions. 

Above: Indigenous Services Abstract and a Minutes of a Meeting of Privy COuncil 1955. The BFN Band Council in 1955 only allowed an Easement for the Common Lands and notindividual CP Plots of the Reserve but Indian Affairs ignored them and surrendered the whole of the reserve for Hydro to use.

I am using the Canada’s own laws against itself in this matter and am using specifically Coldwater Indian Band v. Canada (Indian and Northern Affairs), 2017 and Cowichan Tribes v. Canada (Attorney General), 2025 held that the Crown must reassess the continued legitimacy or fairness of agreements entered into decades earlier, such as a 1957 pipeline easement. affirms that Aboriginal title predates Crown grants: The court found that certain fee simple interests granted by the province, which could include easements, were constitutionally defective and invalid because they unjustifiably infringed on Aboriginal title and Canada owes the duty to Free Prior and Informed Consent.

For more on my matter and the legal arguments and path I use that may help you your fight against a Band Council follow the link:

Hawke Response Letter.pdf

Download PDF • 94KB

The main point I wanted to share in this matter is the Ratification Threshold to enact these Land Codes on Community and as it pertains to Indigenous Title violates Canada's own laws. 

THE DOUBLE STANDARD 

Canada recognizes and holds by Supreme Court of Canada decisions in Delgamuukw v. British Columbia (1997), Tsilhqot’in Nation v. British Columbia (2014) where the Courts explicitly state that Aboriginal title “cannot be held by individual Aboriginal persons,” because it is a communal interest of the group.

Canada’s Framework Agreement on First Nations Lands Management in section 7.4 (a) That a Council may establish establish a percentage of eligible voters who must participate in the vote in order for the result to be binding; (25% plus 1 of eligible voters to ratify agreement)

 (b) require that a percentage greater than fifty percent of participating eligible voters must vote to approve the land code and individual agreement in order to obtain community approval.

The Beausoleil Band Council choose option 7.4 (a) along with many other Band Councils 25% plus one of edible voters to accept the agreement and pass a land code. 

A First Nation can hold a second vote, or subsequent votes, on matters under the Framework Agreement on First Nation Land Management (FNLM), particularly if the required approval threshold was not met in the initial vote. The specific procedures for such votes are outlined in the Community Approval Process (CAP) developed by each First Nation as part of its unique Land Code. 

FNLMA/FAFLM/LAND CODES, are only enacted by a small minority of Individuals of "Indians" in approved by Canada thresholds which is in violation of Anishinabek Law. Anishinabek law is community Consenus. Graphic by Gord Hill (Zigzag) Warrior Publication. Gord Hill is of the Kwakwaka'wakw nation.

So Canada recognizes that Indigenous Title is held by the Collective and can’t be held by an individual or individuals however Canada also recognizes through this Lands Regime that Indigenous Title is also held not by the collective but a minority of individuals.

This is laughable as the Beausoleil First Nations Lands Department informed me when I raised concerns about the damage of my property and seeking compensation that I am only an individual minority, 1/3 of the property Certificate of Possession holder to my Family Lands. By their standards I am 25% plus one my two Aunts never participated in raising concerns so what I say is the law. The Irony is ironic.

Does the First Nations Lands Management Act, Framework Agreement on First Nations Lands Management and Band’s Land Codes turn reserves into Municipalities and Fee Simple Lands and under the jurisdiction of the Province? It does a lot more then that. This is another Agreements like Settlement Agreements and Self Government Agreements and Sec 35 Rights that extinguish Indigenous Title and Inherent Rights acknowledging Canada has ultimate title and jurisdiction over Indians. This Agreement does not take you out of the 44 Section of the Indian Act regarding land but puts you back in the Indian Act as it is a dead enactment since 1901. 

Canada is not extinguishing our Title and Rights, Indians are who are legitimizing our Genocide through accepting Payouts, Settlements and these agreements.  

How the Robinson Huron Treaty Annuities Settlement is an Extinguishment of Title, Rights and Land

By Kaikaikons, Atik Clan

Johnny Hawk

First Things First: Who Are You Dealing With?

“His Majesty in Right of Canada”, “The Crown”, “The Federal Government of Canada” or what is called “Canada” is not a land mass, a confederation of provinces or a government.

There exists no constitution nor did the so called citizens of the provinces ever seat a lawful and legal dejure Federal government. Canada has no legal title to any lands. Canada is only a corporation and only has jurisdiction upon the waters. This is all legal fact by the following Statutes:  

British North America Act, 1867 

Enacting Clause: Section 2. "The Provisions of this Act referring to Her Majesty the Queen extend also to the Heirs and Successors of Her Majesty, Kings and Queens of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland."

This enacting clause was the monarchy and all heirs and successors and is what gave this Act life. 

The U.K’s 1893 Statute Law Revision Act:

“Whereas that certain enactments have ceased to be in force, namely, Section Two. Provisions of this Act referring to Her Majesty the Queen extend also to the Heirs and Successors of Her Majesty.” 

This Act removed the enacting clause of the 1867 BNA Act. When Queen Victoria died so did the 1867 BNA Act including all provisions in it including the Indian Act. This did not remove the monarchy or the succession of the Crown for the Dominion but only meant that the heirs and successors of the monarchy could not reenact or amend the BNA Act and Indian Act. 

The Indian Act:                                                                                                                    

Section 2 (1) Definitions; In this Act, band means; a body of Indians for whose use and benefit in common, lands, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, have been set apart before, on or after September 4, 1951. 

The date September 4, 1951 was when amendments were made to the Indian Act. King George VI was still King before, on and after September 4 1951 and died on February 6, 1952. The Proclamation of Elizabeth II as Queen was on February 6, 1952 and the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II was on June 2, 1953. 

The Queen they are referring to in this enacting clause of the Indian Act refers to Queen Victoria because the enacting clause can not be changed; Today it still says Her Majesty when there clearly is a King. This is a dead act and can not be reenacted or amended as per the 1893 Statute Revision Act. 

1931 Statute of Westminster:                                                                                                  Section 2 Removed Colonial Law from the Dominion of Canada, Section 7 is misleading; Subsection 7 (1) attempts to exclude the BNA Act from this statute however, the BNA Act was only a guide to aid the Governor General. It could only be effective if there is a duly appointed Governor General. (See Section 12 of the BNA Act 1867) Since the Crown in Chancery who appoints the Governor General gave up allodial title to the lands thanks to

Section 11, there can be no more Governor General, Result this subsection is redundant. 

Left to Right: Prime Minister of Canada, Justin Trudeau, Pope Francis, First Indigenous Person to sit as a Governor General, Mary Simon. 2022. The 1947 Letters Patent for Office of Governor General was a forgery by PM William Lyon McKenzie as Canada was free of the UK and no longer needs a GG. Mary Simon is committing fraud.

Section 11 severed the connection between the Dominion and Great Britain. The Provinces were not joined as one colony of Great Britain any longer. 

All lands obtained by the Crown in Chancery in Treaties with the Indigenous Nations reverted back to the allodial title to the Indigenous Nations. The Indigenous Nations have no Treaties with the Provinces and Canada nor consented for them to be successors in Treaties. No Province has ever held a constitutional convention. No Province has seated a dejure lawful government.

The Statute ended all Treaties where all lands obtained and held by the Crown in Chancery reverted back to the original title holders, The Indigenous Nations. NOT Indian Act Bands nor Band Councils or “Indians.”

The UK’s Canada Act, 1982:       

The Royal Proclamation, 1982: ”provides that the Constitution Act, 1982, shall, subject to section 59 thereof, come into force on a date to be fixed by proclamation.”  

This “subject to section 59” means two proclamations must be made before the final proclamation to pass the act could be made (section 58) This was only the Queen stating that there will be a proclamation in the future. Nothing was passed. Nothing was enacted.   

The signing of the Royal Proclamation, 1982, on April 17, 1982. The Grand Illusion.

All Provinces needed to sign Schedule B of the Act. Quebec needed to authorize a Proclamation to enact Section 23, (1) (a) of the Act. Section 23, (1a) would be enacted through a proclamation. Section 59 (3) would be enacted by a proclamation to repeal Section 59 and renumbered the Act. Section 58 would be enacted through a proclamation to pass the Act. 

A total of 3 Proclamations were needed to pass the Act. None of this happened. The Constitution Act, 1982 is only an incorporation document for a corporation. Canada is only a Corporation no different then Walmart or McDonalds. 

Canada's Interpretation Act 1985 General definitions 35 (1):                                                    “In every enactment, Canada, for greater certainty, includes the internal waters of Canada and the territorial sea of Canada; Canadian waters includes the territorial sea of Canada and the internal waters of Canada” 

The legal rule for the word “includes” is defined in Blacks Law Dictionary Sixth Edition under “Expressio unius set exclusion alteriuis” which says, “where a statute, contract or other legal document includes a list of items falling into a category, the inclusion of certain items on that list should be presumed to mean that any excluded items are intentionally outside the definition.”

WHAT IS CANADA?

Canada is not a landmass or a federal government. Canada is only the "law of water” known as maritime law, which is the body of law that governs activities on the sea and other navigable waters such as shipping and trade. Canada is only a  Shipping and Trading Corporation, stealing our natural resources and creating debt slaves upon its ship.

All those who operate life through the Birth Certificate and SIN CARD and Indian Status as citizens of Canada are employers and officers of this ship called Canada. 

Centre: Canada's Attorney General/Minsiter of Justice, Judy Wilson-Raybould and PM Justin Trudeau 2015. Raybould was the first Indigenous Person to hold these position. Despite her role as top Lawyer in Canada, Indigenous Nations "Charter protected Rights" were violated in decisions in the Supreme Court.

WHAT IS A CHARTER?

Charter; reservation of a ship; or written grant, by which a corporation is founded and its rights privileges are defined. A ship needs to be chartered to land.

The legal definition of a Person; an artificial person, a corporation. 

Through the “person” = ALL CAPS name on all forms, ID’s, licenses, Indian Status registration card, passports, birth certificates, etc you have submitted yourself to operate within maritime law. You have only privileges that the corporation grants to you. Those do not include unalienable rights, inherent fundamental rights and freedoms.  

INDIGENOUS RIGHTS UNDER UNDRIP AND CANADA’S CHARTER

“Indigenous Rights” under the United Nations Declaration of Indigenous Peoples and Canada’s Charter of Rights Section 35 is under International law which takes the Indigenous National out of the jurisdiction of our “law of land” to be ruled over by those whose law this is that operates the world under "the law of water". 

BOOKOF REVELATIONS 17:1

"One of the seven angels who had the seven bowls came and said to me, “Come, I will show you the punishment of the great prostitute, who sits by many waters."

PRECEDENT CASE LAW

Canadian Indigenous law is primarily shaped by section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982, which recognizes and affirms existing Aboriginal and Treaty rights.

St. Catharines Milling and Lumber Co. v. R, (1887)

This Case introduced the Doctrine of Discovery into Canadian Law. The ruling held that Indigenous peoples held only a “personal and usufructuary right” to their lands—meaning a limited right of occupation—while the underlying title belonged to the Crown by virtue of 

“discovery.”

Section 35 Rights:

Despite charter protected rights in Section 35 for Indians, Canada can do as it pleases and ignore, infringe upon Sec 35 in regards to land as Canada has the underlying title as per St. Catharines Milling and Lumber Co. v. R.

Section 35 turned the term "Indian" into the legal person, a corporation. An entity under Civil law and or Maritime Law.

WHAT IS A LAWYER? 

All Courts are administering the Roman Catholic Church’s Sacrament of Penance aka Confession. Another deep history I've shared in another publication. The Private Bar Guilds have monetized Indulgences and created a monopoly off of Sin.

The latin term “pro se” means “for oneself” and “cutis” means “true skin” which is in reference to “representing one’s own flesh.” A person who is claiming to be you in making the “self accusation” is the Prosecutor.

The Courts are conducting commerce just as a Bank. Law dictionaries define a Bank also as; A bench or seat; the bench or tribunal occupied by the judges; the seat of judgment; a court.

Left: David Nahwegabow, the Founding Partner of the Law Firm, Nahwegabow-Corbiere. Right: Dianne Corbiere is the Managing Partner of the Firm. The Firm represented the 21 Indian Act Bands in the Robinson Huron Treaty annuities case, which resulted in a $10 billion settlement. The legal team from Nahwegahbow Corbiere claimed $510 million in fees under a partial contingency agreement. Under their agreement, they billed at 50% of normal hourly rates, plus a contingent success fee (15% on first $100 M, 5% above) with no cap. At least two Bands filed court applications asking the court to review and reduce the $510 M fee. Ontario Superior Court Justice Fred Myers ruled that the $510 M was unreasonable. The judge ordered Nahwegahbow Corbiere to refund $232 million of what they’d been paid to the Robinson‑Huron Treaty Litigation Fund. He awarded a revised total of about $40 million to the legal team. On behalf of their clients, Nahwegahbow Corbiere, Brian Gover of Stockwoods Barristers said an appeal was being contemplated, calling the judges decision ‘offensive’ and ‘paternalistic’

Lawyer: The word lawyer is from the late 16th Century combining the latin words “lar/ lares” which means “customary law” and “iuro/iurare” which means to “take an oath” or “to conspire”meaning “one who has sworn an oath to customary law.”

The Private BAR Guilds since the middle ages have been using merchant principles to commercialize the law and personally profit from crime; This means that the current justice system is innately compromised as everything is in favour to benefit these Private BAR Guilds; Therefore no lawyer can’t be counsel without deliberately injuring the law and perverting the course of Justice

WHAT IS MONEY?

This is a topic of its own and is included in a zine in relation to our rights in a publication that can be found at https://www.anishinaabek.com/_files/ugd/9156a9_1b3fe356ebbe4976ab3b975a5e34430e.pdf but here is a summery.  

Almost every government around the World is made to be dependent on the International Banking Scheme of debt based, fiat money system and fractional reserve banking system. Governments give up their constitutional obligation of creating money themselves and hand it over their Central Banks to the International Private Banking Syndicate. 

These International Private Banks lend their debt based “chequebook” money (counterfeit) created by entering digits on a computer and transferring it to a Government with outrageous compound interest attached which realistically can never be paid back. In this Fiat Money System this form of “money” is not backed by a commodity like gold or sliver. This “Money” only discharges debt, it is authorized by a Government that can be spent all over the Nation, it is declared legal tender for all debts private and public and the limited liability is that you cannot be sued for not paying your debts (bills and purchases, loans etc). We “discharge” the “charge” using this colourable money (counterfeit).  We are only passing around debt. At any moment they can crash this system and the money in the banks wouldn’t be worth anything and whereas it is backed by nothing.

The Fraser Institute, an independent, non-partisan Canadian public policy think-tank in a 2016 study called, The Cost of Government Debt in Canada, found that Canadian governments (federal, provincial and local) spent ($160 Million Daily) or $60 Billion Annually towards this debt. 

According to Natural Resources Canada, governments (federal + provincial) derived about CA$ 14.8 billion per year on average from 2016–2020 from the natural resource sector.

This means the “money” being used to compensate “Indians” in these Settlements and Agreements is debt and interest and "Indian" consent for Canada to exploit resources and labour where the wealth is funnelled to these International Private Banks.

The Indian Land Management Fund (Indian Trust Fund) came into existence on April 1, 1858. It is an account to hold all “monies” collected, received, or held by the Crown for the “use and benefit” of its Indigenous Allies. These monies come from the sale or lease of lands and from royalties and revenues from natural resources. This Trust became aggressively mismanaged and eventually expropriated where it now exists today within the Consolidated Revenue Fund of Canada — the general account where all public moneys are deposited. 

Money and Wealth are two different things. The wealth that exists in the Consolidated Revenue Fund belongs to Indigenous Nationals. This wealth is also not to be confused with this counterfeit money that is being distributed in Settlements and funding for Indian Reserves. All that is transferred to Indians and Indian Reserves is debt and interest on this debt in the form of this colorable money “debt notes.” 

And now Indians are fighting over it with the Band Councils and lawyers. The "Whiteman" must be laughing hard.

OVERLAPPING TREATIES

An estimated 1/3 of The Robinson Huron Treaty surrendered lands of other Anishinabek. In 1850 Clan Chiefs of the Chippewa Tri Council of Lakes Huron and Simcoe, Chiefs Aisance, Snake and Yellowhead, two weeks after the signing of the Robinson Huron Treaty met with Government Officials to raise concerns of this. The Government Official promised to deal with the matter but did not.

Throughout the 1800's many settlers began taking up these lands and In 1931 the Crown made the 1931 Williams Treaties with 7 Bands; Scugog, Hiawatha, Alderville, Curve Lake, Rama, Georgina Island and Beausoleil. The Treaty included payment of $2 to each Indian. The Crown also fraudulently extinguished Hunting/Fishing/Harvesting Rights of these Indian Bands on this vast Territory.

In the 2018 Williams Treaties the 7 Bands were given $1.2 Billion for this historic injustice of being underpaid and having rights fraudulently extinguished where they were criminalized for Hunting and harvesting for over 100 years. This Settlement DID not include any mention of Annuities that were to be part of every treaty via the 1764 Niagara Covenant Chain Belt. No Band Council or Lawyer of either Treaty raise the issue to their People of how Robinson Huron "Indians" have been accepting and awarded retropayment for in annuities for Williams Treaties lands.

Treaties have divided our Peoples. Even though Treaties have been extinguished in 1931 and it is all our lands, Canada is using Treaties to keep us under the illusion of Treaty Relationship to legitimize its existence.

SETTLEMENTS ARE SURRENDERS

“Band Councils” and “Indians” accepting Settlement Agreements are giving legitimacy to Canada and the Provinces which are not legal and lawful governments.

Accepting these Agreements under Sec 35 is accepting the Doctrine of Discovery.

Accepting monies for compensation in these Settlement and Agreements is accepting  counterfeit money (debt notes) from the International Banks where the compound interest owed by the Corporation of Canada allows for the never ending pillaging of our territories for resource wealth that leave our lands decimated and people poisoned and impoverished and the so called Canadian tax payer an economic debt slave.

Accepting these Agreement Settlements is a death sentence to future generations and the land because of this monstrosity of debt we are being fooled into accepting as compensation where people see it as “money” and while lawyers of Band Councils become millionaires and sworn to their Oaths of the Private guilds of the BAR they belong to.

These Settlements are Extinguishment Agreements.  

THERE IS STILL AN OPTION OF RESISTANCE

Canada can only operate in maritime law, international law and this is why they had to include Sec 35 in the Charter, to take the Indigenous National out of their Law of the Land (Tribal Custom Law) and become the legal person so they can deal in commerce, trade and have jurisdiction over Indians.

Above: 21 (Band Chiefs) Officers of the Indian Act, Canada Incorporated, committing fraud and treason to their Ancestors and Future Generation over debt notes, counterfeit money. Extinguishing Title and Rights acknowledging Canada has rule over them and all lands.

An Indian Act Band Council is designated as a “federal boards” via the Federal Courts Act, Section 2 (1) as Band Councils are created by and derive their authority exclusively from the federal Indian Act. 

In Willson v. British Columbia Hydro and Power Authority the court held that an Indian Act Band is a juridical person, meaning; a corporation. 

An “Indian” under the Indian Act is defined as the legal person; a statutory creature, a corporation. “Indians”, “Indian Bands”, “Band Councils” are statutory creations and do not have inherent rights and freedoms and are not the legal and lawful Rights holders of Anishinabek lands nor have title to any lands. 

Canada only dealing with Indian Act Band Councils by doing so is only dealing with itself. All matters between Canada and Indian Act “Band Councils” regarding rights and lands of Anishinabek Peoples is illegal. The Indian Act was repealed in 1901 and is void including Band Councils.

It is up to the individual to get of the ship and out of the waters and come back to land to as a Sovereign Anishinabek. This means resisting living life through the birth certificate, SIN Card, and as an INDIAN, a legal person with drivers licences and all other permits and ID’s in civil jurisdiction.  

These Settlements are null and void and can be challenge if you stand under the proper law. 

We must remove ourselves from the position as an Indian and Indian Bands, and Band Councils that are only legitimate on a ship on water and have no title to our Lands nor does Canada. 

Check out ACTION - Anishinaabek Clans to Invoke our Nation www.anishinaabek.com where we are organizing as such.  It is time to rekindle our Clan Council Fires and can only be done outside of being the legal person and status Indian.

#robinsonhurontreaty #landback #williamstreaty #chiefsofontario #unionofontarioindians #anishinabeknation

Local Indigenous Activist’s Charges Withdrawn

Monday September 22, 2025

BEAUSOLEIL FIRST NATION, September 22, 2025 - Local Indigenous Rights Activist Johnny Hawke of the Beausoleil First Nation self represented himself in Midland’s Ontario Court of Justice this past Thursday and had his charges withdrawn in an incident that occurred during Midland’s Buttertart Festival held on Saturday June 14, 2025.

Hawke was protesting Simcoe North MPP Jill Dunlops support of Doug Ford’s Bill 5 which Hawke claims will allow industry to infringe on Indigenous Rights and Lands.

“ I set up at Neezhoday Park which is a place other groups use to set up vigils and banners for matters of injustice and since Neezhoday Park is named after a relative of mine an Elder in my community who was murdered by two Midland men and because Dunlops constituency office is the Midland Library next to the park I found this a strategic space to engage in my right of freedom of expression and hang a banner and educate the public on the bill.“ claims Hawke

Ontario Provincial Police removed his banner which angered Hawke and followed them down King Street yelling at them. Hawke was arrested for Causing a Disturbance.

Disclosure from the Crown and reports from an earlier online media article from Midland Today in June on this incident provided that Midland Mayor Bill Gordon approached both Hawke and the OPP and said there was no issues with Hawke’s banner being on the Park sign nor had issue with Hawke’s demonstrating as long as he remained peaceful.

OPP in disclosure state Nicole Major, Midland’s Tourism and Special Events Planner called the OPP about Hawke and his banner draped over the Town of Midland Neezhoday Park sign. Major alerted Midland’s Manager of Culture and Tourism, Karen Mealing. Mealing spoke to Operations Manager, Josh Fuller, and asked that Mr. Fuller send a member of his team to request that the Applicant remove the sign.

Disclosure further shares that an employee of Midland’s Operations department approached Hawke and requested that he remove the sign. Hawke refused Tremblay’s relayed this to Mealing, who in turn informed Mayor Gordon.

Performers from Uganda Drumming at the Buttertart Fest 2025. Their banner is hung on the same property that Hawke was denied for his banner. Hawke was peacefully set up behind the evergreen in this photo.

Mayor Gordon informed Hawke that the Town would not ask the OPP to remove the banner provided Hawke protest remained peaceful. Hawke stated that he would remain peaceful so long as his banner was not taken down. On this understanding, Mayor Gordon left the conversation to attend to his duties as a judge in the butter tart competition. Shortly thereafter, OPP staff contacted Ms. Major indicating that the OPP had made the determination to remove the banner. Midland is not aware of the reasons for the OPP’s decision but denies that it was not involved in the OPP’s decision in this regard.

Hawke claims the constables on the ground did not know how to respond to this matter and asked their Commanding Officer at the Midland Detachment; That Officer contacted the Central Regional Ontario Superior on what they should do.

The OPP on-call Staff Sgt for Central Ontario Region was Marc Gravelle. Marc Gravelle was that final decision maker for OPP who gave orders to constables on the ground to remove Hawke banner was OPP Sgt. Marc Gravelle.

Hawke took it upon himself to research Staff Sgft. Gravelle and found he has a documented history of discrimination in his role as an OPP officer and found that;

An Ontario Provincial Police Discipline Hearing in the Matter of the Ontario Regulation 268/10 made under the Police Services Act and amendments thereto; and in the Matter of the Ontario Provincial Police and Sergeant M.H (Marc) Gravelle, #12091 was charged of Discreditable Conduct involving a matter that involved a Public Complainant by Ms. Kareen Wong.

On May 17, 2021 Sgt Gravelle, represented by his counsel Mr. MacKenzie, pleaded guilty and was found guilty of discreditable conduct, based on clear and convincing evidence outlined in the Notice of Hearing.

In 2013 A former Peterborough County OPP probationary officer Michael Jack filed a human rights complaint against the OPP, alleging that his former fellow officers treated him as a second-class citizen because of his race. Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario File: 2010-07633- filed by Michael Jack names OPP Cst. Marc Gravelle in engaging in discrimination:

Hawke claims these facts demonstrates the behaviour OPP Central Region on-call Staff Sergeant Marc Gravelle while in uniform is capable of discriminative behaviour.

Another Individual with their banner draped over a Town Parking Sign at the Buttertart Festival 2025

AnoThe OPP have an Indigenous Policing Bureau (IPB) which centralizes strategic expertise and provides dedicated support and resources to ensure that the OPP develops and maintains the ability to appropriately respond to issues impacting Indigenous Peoples. The IPB provides support and capacity building to contribute to effective First Nations policing and the safety of Indigenous communities. The Bureau’s core functions are to provide:

• improved capacity for relationships that can identify, mediate and assist in resolving potential conflict situations; effective Indigenous awareness training for OPP employees, police partners and community partners;

The OPP’s IPB Central Region Coordinator is Sergeant Erin McMillian. The OPP also have a Provincial Liaison Team (PLT) that establishes and maintains open and transparent lines of communication with all parties who may be affected, directly or indirectly, by major events or critical incidents. The PLT includes specially trained officers focused on proactive relationship building as a means to assist in resolving issues and securing lawful, peaceful and safe environments, during police responses to issue-based conflict, such as demonstrations.

OPP Staff Sgt. Marc Gravelle made decision for constables to remove Hawke's banner.

The Ipperwash Inquiry investigated the 1995 killing of unarmed Indigenous activist Dudley George by OPP. The Final Report released in 2007 where Justice Sidney B. Linton found that racism against Indigenous peoples was “not restricted to a few ‘bad apples’ within the OPP but was more widespread.” The inquiry "found that the OPP, the provincial government and the federal government all bore responsibility for the events that led to George's death. The report included 100 recommended changes to policing, negotiation processes, and Indigenous land rights. These recommendations have largely been ignored.

Hawke states that the OPP is legally equipped with mechanisms and services to deescalate issues and resolve matters regarding Indigenous Peoples and protests and demonstrations and feel that despite his permission to have his banner on the park sign that the OPP failed in their available procedures and engaged in violating his rights. He also feel that Town of Midlands Employee’s Mealing and Major’s request of having his banner removed was also an act of adverse and indirect discrimination which is protected by the Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario.

“I filed a Human Rights complaint on The Corporation of the Town of Midland and OPP for violation of my rights and freedoms of peaceful assembly and freedom of expression where I was discriminated on the grounds of my race and nationality in regards to having my sign removed where other members of the public were permitted to engage in the same actions I was denied.” Claims Hawke.

This is Hawke's Fourth time before an Ontario Court of Justice Self Representing an having charges withdrawn regarding his rights being violated at direct actions he organized such as blocking the road into Awenda Provincial Park in 2019 for 5 weeks to raise awareness on misappropriated lands.

" Symbolic Day like National Day of Truth and Reconciliation and National Indigenous Peoples Day and where the Town of Midland and Tiny Township participate and engage in symbolic gestures of tokenism is not Truth and Reconciliation where discrimination and the status quo still exists." says Hawke

"The Employees of the Town of Midland overreached their capacity in their position 

as their superior the Mayor had no issue with me and my banner being there.

My Message to the Town is despite all the talk of Truth and Reconciliation Indigenous Peoples and our issues are only being patronized where our Culture and Arts are the only expressions of our People that is tolerated and as a result Canadians are creating another stereotypical caricature. This is what the Town of Midland is engaged in. 

Once we step outside of the lines of what historically is known as the "good little indian" 

then People like me bringing real issues to the forefront in the face of Canadians using our voice and exercising our rights then we are criminalized. 

I am not the typical dancing and singing token "Indian" used by settler communities to help alleviate "white guilt" of settler society.

#buttertartfestival #townofMidland #midland #truthandreconciliation #midlandbuttertartfestival